Land wars 1750

The Land Wars 1750-1820

We have used this time span as it covers the life time of Admiral Lord Nelson 1758 to 1805. So much went on in the world other than sea battles. This is a summary of what was happening ashore.

1754 -1763	Anglo – French war in America
1756 -1763	Seven Years War Britain and Prussia versus France and Austria.
1757	Battle of Rossbach, Frederick the Great of Prussia defeated the French and Austrians
1759	Battle of Quebec
1760	Canada passes into British hands
1762	British expedition against Cuba and seizes Havana from Spain
1763	Britain becomes the dominant power in India as a result of the Treaty of Paris
1775 -1781	American Revolution
1775 -1873	American War of Independence
1776	United States of America Independence (4thJuly).
1781	October - British Lord Cornwallis surrenders Yorktown in America ending American Revolution
1787 -1792	Turkey fights Russia to regain the Crimea which the lost to Russia in 1783, Turkey was again defeated
1778	War of Bavarian Succession between Prussia and Austria
1789	Revolution breaks out in Paris, the Bastille is stormed on the 14th July 1789. In 1791 Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette tried to escape from Paris but were caught and returned to the city. In 1793 the King was executed in January and the Queen in October. The French were trying to invade England via Ireland having landed their troops then with the help of Wolfe Tone they could attack the main land of England. The French did land in Ireland and were defeated. Tone was captured and took his own life. In 1800 William Pitt the British prime minister drew up a union with the Irish parliament uniting the two countries which stopped France from attacking Britain via Ireland
1795	France overruns the Netherlands, this created a dependent Dutch Republic
1800	Napoleon crushed the Austrians at Marengo
1808 -1809	Rebellion against Spain began in South America, the Spanish were to loose their hold on the different countries. In 1810 they lost Mexico, 1816 Venezuela, 1817-18 Chile, 1821 Peru, 1825 Bolivia and in 1828 they lost Uruguay
1808 - 1814	Peninsular War in Spain. Napoleon could not invade England - the Battle of Trafalgar had denied him the used of sea power so he turned to the main land of Europe for his domination. 1805 - he defeated Austria at Austerlitz. 1806 - defeated Prussia at Jena. 1807 - defeated Russia at Friedland By 1809 his Empire covered Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Holland, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium and parts of Poland and Czechoslovakia.
1812	Napoleon reaches Moscow but is forced to retreat back to France
1813	Napoleon defeated in the “Battle of the Nations” at Leipzig
1814	Cape Colony in South Africa formally ceded to Britain by the Netherlands
1815	Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo
1815	Congress of Vienna draws up new map of Europe
1820	Peace treaty ends piracy and leads to 150 years of British supremacy in the Persian Gulf